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Marksizmi Ortodoksça Savunmak-Yusuf Köse Marksizmi Ortodoksça Savunmak - YUSUF KÖSE Basın Bülteni   Marksizm, Marksist teorinin “geliştirilmesi” adına, küçük burjuva oportünizmine ya da onun eklektik argümanlarına teslim edildi. İşçi sınıfının bilimsel dünya görüşünün revize edilmesi, ileriye dönük gelişme olarak algılanır oldu. Oportünist teorilere yaklaşım, devrimci teorinin eleştirel yönteminden çıkarılıp, oportünizmle uzlaşma anlayışına vardırıldı. Buna karşı çıkmak ise, “ortodoks marksizm” diye adlandırılarak küçümsenmeye çalışıldı. Marksist dünya görüşünü revize edenleri, çarpıtanları, tahrif edenleri ya da onu “sol” liberal bir burjuva dünya görüşü haline çevirmeye çalışanları, doğru bir şekilde, yani, Marksizm-Leninizm-Maoizmin en bilinen yaklaşımyla adlandırmaktan adeta kaçınılır oldu. Oportüniste ve revizyoniste sıfatlarıyla hitap etmek ya da ortaya sürülen küçük burjuva teorilerin revizyonist ya da oportünist olduğunu ileri sürmek “kardeşliği” bozmakla eleştirilir oldu. Oysa, Marksist bilgi teorisi; işçi sınıfının devrimci sınıfsal çıkarlarına ters akımlara ve anlayışlara karşı kararlı bir mücadele içinde gelişme göstermiş ve kendini sürekli yenilemiştir. Bu nedenle, Lenin’den Mao’ya kadar uzanan Marksizm, hep devrimci kalmıştır.

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Marksizmi Ortodoksça Savunmak-Yusuf Köse

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It must be a real beast of a burdon to write a sequel something as odd and endearing as "Wicked". The successes of the first novel in this would-be series are two-fold... 1) The novel itself was a rather original and adult take on a character that was one of the most cliched villians in the history of story-telling ("I'm a witch! I want to kill you!"), that managed to turn her into a sympathetic and rather complex heroinne. For those who loved the first book (not everyone did), it took an iconic archetype and turned it on its head in a very satisfying way. 2) Even if you never read "Wicked", the popularity of the Broadway show made sure that Elphaba (as opposed to the Wicked Witch of the West) wormed her way into pop culture. Granted, the Broadway Elphaba was a watered down version that reflected only a fraction of the layers and complexity from novel's Elphaba, but popular is popular. So with these two avenues of success behind him, Gregory Maguire set out on a new and riskier venture: write a sequel, but this time without the character that was the heart of the success the first time around. The memory of Elphaba certainly hangs like a shadow over "Son of a Witch", but its obvious that Maguire's plan was to tell a story much broader than the one of a single character. Some of the negative reviews proove that many readers disagree with him, but Maguire seems to be of a mind that this is all a story about OZ, and that Elphaba is just a part of that story. And this novel is a continuation of that story, as seen through the eyes of Liir, the once-companion, possibly son of the character so many people would probably rather be reading about. If you'd rather be reading about Elphaba, then I can see how this would be a disappointing read. Liir isn't nearly as complicated or intriguing as his maybe-mother. Elphaba was head-strong and to-the-point. Liir is clueless and for a great portion of this book, without any kind of direction at all. But that's just his character and by definition, his life and story is going to be more plodding and aimless, which is a strong parallel to the state of affairs in OZ at the time. With the Wizard gone and the Witch dead, there is a chaotic scramble to see who will end up in charge. A valid complaint about this work is that it shuffles, sometimes rather jarringly, from event to event in too choppy a manner. The hasty introduction and political ambitions of Elphaba's brother (as one example) made me wonder if I'd skipped some important chapter somewhere in along the way. But the more you think about it, the more you realize that this is probably how Liir sees the world, disconnected as he is from the goings-on from Emerald City politics. A few side characters such as Candle and some religious Maunts (or Nuns as we'd call them here in our world) get barely enough time to make an impression. But again, you realize that even though they have a huge impact on Liir's life, he's hardly paying any attention to them. As the story moves along, you do realize that Liir actually is growing up and trying to do justice to the memory of the Witch. He gets a little bit of personal resolution, but again, Maguire isn't really writing a story just about a certain character, he's writing a story about OZ, and this second act of that story is seen from Liir's point of view. It is a totally valid complaint that this book doesn't seem to accomplish a great deal in terms of putting its main character through a distinct arc with a satisfying pay-off. I get that. But I accepted early on that this is only a part of the story. The third volume, "A Lion Among Men", is sitting on my shelf, and until I read that, and any other subsequent volumes, I'll reserve judgement on how 'successful' this work is. Final verdict: as a stand-alone novel, no this probably doesn't work that well. As act two of a broader story, it is successful at further realizing this new version of OZ that Maguire has concieved, and I enjoyed it quite a bit. [On a side-note, I feel very sorry for any fans of the Broadway who read this expecting more of the same. The musical "Wicked" is such a by-the-numbers, family-friendly endeavor that all the grisly and sometimes shocking subversiveness of this book (as well as the distinct lack of Elphaba) will be a bit jarring. Not to mention that the world of OZ as concieved in this novel and the original "Wicked" novel really is a quite different universe entirely. I'm not saying you can't enjoy both, but be aware that the two are quite different.:]

2022-10-26 03:21

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